这是本节的多页打印视图。 点击此处打印.

返回本页常规视图.

关于这个文档

这些文档,就像代码本身一样,100% 由 Selenium 社区中的志愿者维护。 许多人自成立以来一直在使用它,但更多人只是在短时间内使用它,并且已经花时间帮助改善新用户的入门体验。

如果文档有问题,我们想知道! 沟通问题的最佳方式是访问 https://github.com/seleniumhq/seleniumhq.github.io/issues 并搜索问题是否已经提交。 如果没有,请随意打开一个!

社区的许多成员经常光顾 Libera.chat#selenium Libera 频道。 请随时来访并提出问题,如果您得到了您认为在这些文档中可能有用的帮助,请务必添加您的贡献! 我们可以更新这些文档,但当我们从普通提交者之外获得贡献时,对每个人来说都容易得多。

1 - 版权和归属

Selenium工具集下的全部版权、贡献以及归属.

Selenium文档

我们已尽一切努力使本文档尽可能完整和准确, 但难以保证一定适用. 信息提供是基于“as-is”的. 若本文档所含信息引起的任何损失或损害, 作者和出版者对所有个人或实体均不承担任何责任. 不承担任何与使用本文信息相关的专利责任.

归属

感谢:

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Docker Selenium

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Selenium Website & Docs

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Selenium文档项目使用的第三方软件:

软件版本许可
Hugov0.110.0Apache 2.0
DocsyApache 2.0

许可

源自Selenium项目的所有代码和文档均基于Apache2.0的许可, 由 Software Freedom Conservancy 作为版权所有者.

为方便起见, 此处包含许可证, 您也可以在此查看 Apache 基金会站点:

                                 Apache License
                           Version 2.0, January 2004
                        http://www.apache.org/licenses/

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2 - 为 Selenium 文档做贡献

有关改进Selenium文档和代码示例的信息

Selenium是一个大型软件项目, 其网站和文档是了解事情如何工作以及学习有效利用其潜力的关键.

该项目包含Selenium的网站和文档. 这是一项持续的工作(不针对任何特定版本), 用于提供有效使用Selenium、 如何参与以及如何为Selenium做出贡献的更新信息.

对网站和文档的贡献遵循以下部分中有关贡献的描述.


Selenium项目欢迎每一个人的贡献. 您可以通过多种方式提供帮助:

上报问题

在报告新问题或评论现有问题时, 请确保讨论与Selenium的软件、 其站点与文档的具体技术问题相关.

随着时间的推移, 所有Selenium组件的变化都非常快, 因此这可能会导致文档过时. 如前所述, 如果您确实遇到这种情况, 请不要为此担心. 您也可能知道如何更新文档, 因此请向我们发送包含相关更改的Pull Request.

如果不确定所发现的问题是否存在, 请通过以下沟通渠道进行描述 https://selenium.dev/support.

What to Help With

Creating Examples

Examples that need to be moved are marked with:

Add Example

We want to be able to run all of our code examples in the CI to ensure that people can copy and paste and execute everything on the site. So we put the code where it belongs in the examples directory. Each page in the documentation correlates to a test file in each of the languages, and should follow naming conventions. For instance examples for this page https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/webdriver/browsers/chrome/ get added in these files:

  • "/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/browsers/ChromeTest.java"
  • "/examples/python/tests/browsers/test_chrome.py"
  • "/examples/dotnet/SeleniumDocs/Browsers/ChromeTest.cs"
  • "/examples/ruby/spec/browsers/chrome_spec.rb"
  • "/examples/javascript/test/browser/chromeSpecificCaps.spec.js"

Each example should get its own test. Ideally each test has an assertion that verifies the code works as intended. Once the code is copied to its own test in the proper file, it needs to be referenced in the markdown file.

For example, the tab in Ruby would look like this:

    {{< tab header="Ruby" >}}
    {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/ruby/spec/browsers/chrome_spec.rb#L8-L9" >}}
    {{< /tab >}}

The line numbers at the end represent only the line or lines of code that actually represent the item being displayed. If a user wants more context, they can click the link to the GitHub page that will show the full context.

Make sure that if you add a test to the page that all the other line numbers in the markdown file are still correct. Adding a test at the top of a page means updating every single reference in the documentation that has a line number for that file.

Finally, make sure that the tests pass in the CI.

Moving Examples

Examples that need to be moved are marked with:

Move Code

Everything from the Creating Examples section applies, with one addition.

Make sure the tab includes text=true. By default, the tabs get formatted for code, so to use markdown or other shortcode statements (like gh-codeblock) it needs to be declared as text. For most examples, the tabpane declares the text=true, but if some of the tabs have code examples, the tabpane cannot specify it, and it must be specified in the tabs that do not need automatic code formatting.

贡献

Selenium项目欢迎新的贡献者. 随时间做出重大贡献的个人将成为 提交者 , 并获得对该项目的提交权限.

本指南将指导您完成贡献的过程.

步骤 1: Fork

GitHub上Fork本项目, 并check out到您的本地

% git clone git@github.com:seleniumhq/seleniumhq.github.io.git
% cd seleniumhq.github.io

依赖: Hugo

我们使用 HugoDocsy theme 用于构建和渲染本网站. 你需要Hugo“extended”扩展的Sass/SCSS版本用于这个网站. 我们推荐使用Hugo 0.125.4 .

请参考来自Docsy的说明 安装Hugo .

步骤 2: 分支

创建一个功能分支并开始工作:

% git checkout -b my-feature-branch

我们实践基于HEAD的开发模式, 这意味着所有更改都直接应用在trunk之上.

步骤 3: 做出改变

本仓库包含站点和文档. 在开始进行更改之前, 请初始化子模块并安装所需的依赖项 (请参阅下面的命令). 要对网站进行更改, 请使用 website_and_docs 目录. 要查看更改的实时预览, 请在站点的根目录上运行 hugo server .

% git submodule update --init --recursive
% cd website_and_docs
% hugo server

请参阅 样式指南 , 以了解更多关于我们约定的信息

步骤 4: 提交

首先确保git知道您的姓名和电子邮件地址:

% git config --global user.name 'Santa Claus'
% git config --global user.email 'santa@example.com'

编写良好的提交信息很重要. 提交信息应描述更改的内容, 原因以及已解决的参考问题(如果有). 撰写时应遵循以下规则:

  1. 第一行应少于或等于50个字符, 并包含对该更改的简短说明.
  2. 保持第二行空白.
  3. 在所有72列处换行.
  4. 包括 Fixes #N, 其中 N 是提交修复的问题编号(如果有).

一个好的提交信息可能看起来像这样:

explain commit normatively in one line

Body of commit message is a few lines of text, explaining things
in more detail, possibly giving some background about the issue
being fixed, etc.

The body of the commit message can be several paragraphs, and
please do proper word-wrap and keep columns shorter than about
72 characters or so. That way `git log` will show things
nicely even when it is indented.

Fixes #141

第一行必须有意义, 因为这是人们在运行 git shortloggit log --oneline 时看到的内容.

步骤 5: Rebase

使用 git rebase (并非 git merge) 同步实时的工作.

% git fetch origin
% git rebase origin/trunk

步骤 6: 测试

永远记住要运行本地服务, 这样做可以确保您的更改没有破坏任何事情.

步骤 7: Push

% git push origin my-feature-branch

访问 https://github.com/yourusername/seleniumhq.github.io.git 并点击 Pull Request 以及填写表格. 请明确您已经签署了CLA (详见步骤 7).

Pull requests通常会在几天内进行审核. 如果有评论要解决, 请在新提交(最好是修正)中应用您的更改, 然后推push到同一分支.

步骤 8: 集成

代码审查完成后, 提交者将获取您的PR并将其集成到项目的trunk分支中. 因为我们希望在trunk分支上保持线性历史记录, 所以我们通常会squash并rebase您的分支历史记录.

沟通

有关如何与项目贡献者和整个社区进行沟通的所有详细信息, 请访问以下网址 https://selenium.dev/support

3 - Style guide for Selenium documentation

Conventions for contributions to the Selenium documentation and code examples

Read our contributing documentation for complete instructions on how to add content to this documentation.

Alerts

Alerts have been added to direct potential contributors to where specific content is missing.

{{< alert-content />}}

or

{{< alert-content >}}
Additional information about what specific content is needed
{{< /alert-content >}}

Which gets displayed like this:

Capitalization of titles

Our documentation uses Title Capitalization for linkTitle which should be short and Sentence capitalization for title which can be longer and more descriptive. For example, a linkTitle of Special Heading might have a title of The importance of a special heading in documentation

Line length

When editing the documentation’s source, which is written in plain HTML, limit your line lengths to around 100 characters.

Some of us take this one step further and use what is called semantic linefeeds, which is a technique whereby the HTML source lines, which are not read by the public, are split at ‘natural breaks’ in the prose. In other words, sentences are split at natural breaks between clauses. Instead of fussing with the lines of each paragraph so that they all end near the right margin, linefeeds can be added anywhere that there is a break between ideas.

This can make diffs very easy to read when collaborating through git, but it is not something we enforce contributors to use.

Translations

Selenium now has official translators for each of the supported languages.

  • If you add a code example to the important_documentation.en.md file, also add it to important_documentation.ja.md, important_documentation.pt-br.md, important_documentation.zh-cn.md.
  • If you make text changes in the English version, just make a Pull Request. The new process is for issues to be created and tagged as needs translation based on changes made in a given PR.

Code examples

All references to code should be language independent, and the code itself should be placed inside code tabs.

Default Code Tabs

The Docsy code tabs look like this:

WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
var driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
let driver = await new Builder().forBrowser('chrome').build();
val driver = ChromeDriver()

To generate the above tabs, this is what you need to write. Note that the tabpane includes langEqualsHeader=true. This auto-formats the code in each tab to match the header name, and ensures that all tabs on the page with a language are set to the same thing.

{{< tabpane langEqualsHeader=true >}}
  {{< tab header="Java" >}}
    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
  {{< /tab >}}
  {{< tab header="Python" >}}
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
  {{< /tab >}}
  {{< tab header="CSharp" >}}
    var driver = new ChromeDriver();
  {{< /tab >}}
  {{< tab header="Ruby" >}}
    driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
  {{< /tab >}}
  {{< tab header="JavaScript" >}}
    let driver = await new Builder().forBrowser('chrome').build();
  {{< /tab >}}
  {{< tab header="Kotlin" >}}
    val driver = ChromeDriver()
  {{< /tab >}}
{{< /tabpane >}}

Reference GitHub Examples

To ensure that all code is kept up to date, our goal is to write the code in the repo where it can be executed when Selenium versions are updated to ensure that everything is correct.

All code examples to be in our example directories.

This code can be automatically displayed in the documentation using the gh-codeblock shortcode. The shortcode automatically generates its own html, so we do not want it to auto-format with the language header. If all tabs are using this shortcode, set text=true in the tabpane and remove langEqualsHeader=true. If only some tabs are using this shortcode, keep langEqualsHeader=true in the tabpane and add text=true to the tab. Note that the gh-codeblock line can not be indented at all.

One great thing about using gh-codeblock is that it adds a link to the full example. This means you don’t have to include any additional context code, just the line(s) that are needed, and the user can navigate to the repo to see how to use it.

A basic comparison of code looks like:

{{< tabpane text=true >}}
{{< tab header="Java" >}}
{{< gh-codeblock path="examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/getting_started/FirstScript.java#L26-L27" >}}
{{< /tab >}}
{{< tab header="Python" >}}
{{< gh-codeblock path="examples/python/tests/getting_started/first_script.py#L18-L19" >}}
{{< /tab >}}
{{< tab header="CSharp" >}}
{{< gh-codeblock path="examples/dotnet/SeleniumDocs/GettingStarted/FirstScript.cs#L25-L26" >}}
{{< /tab >}}
{{< tab header="Ruby" >}}
{{< gh-codeblock path="examples/ruby/spec/getting_started/first_script.rb#L17-L18" >}}
{{< /tab >}}
{{< tab header="JavaScript" >}}
{{< gh-codeblock path="examples/javascript/test/getting_started/firstScript.spec.js#L22-L23" >}}
{{< /tab >}}
{{< tab header="Kotlin" >}}
{{< gh-codeblock path="examples/kotlin/src/test/kotlin/dev/selenium/getting_started/FirstScriptTest.kt#L31-L32" >}}
{{< /tab >}}
{{< /tabpane >}}

Which looks like this:

        WebElement message = driver.findElement(By.id("message"));
        message.getText();
message = driver.find_element(by=By.ID, value="message")
text = message.text
        var message = driver.FindElement(By.Id("message"));
        var value = message.Text;
message = driver.find_element(id: 'message')
message.text
    let message = await driver.findElement(By.id('message'));
    let value = await message.getText();
        val message = driver.findElement(By.id("message"))
        val value = message.getText()

Using Markdown in a Tab

If you want your example to include something other than code (default) or html (from gh-codeblock), you need to first set text=true, then change the Hugo syntax for the tabto use % instead of < and > with curly braces:

{{< tabpane text=true >}}
{{% tab header="Java" %}}
1. Start the driver
{{< gh-codeblock path="examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/getting_started/FirstScript.java#L12" >}}
2. Navigate to a page
{{< gh-codeblock path="examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/getting_started/FirstScript.java#L14" >}}
3. Quit the driver
{{< gh-codeblock path="examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/getting_started/FirstScript.java#L29" >}}
{{% /tab %}}
< ... >
{{< /tabpane >}}

This produces:

  1. Start the driver

            WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
  2. Navigate to a page

            driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/web-form.html");
  3. Quit the driver

            driver.quit();

This is preferred to writing code comments because those will not be translated. Only include the code that is needed for the documentation, and avoid over-explaining. Finally, remember not to indent plain text or it will rendered as a codeblock.